What do the Numbers of Your IQ Mean and How are They Measured?
The phrase IQ refers to your intelligence quotient and is an indication of where you stand in relation to peers of your age in terms of mental ability. A five year old with the same vocabulary as their peers would have an IQ of 100. If they read at the level of a 10 year old, their IQ would be higher.
History
Sir Francis Galton developed the first intelligence test in 1884. His lab also tested the ability of his subjects to see and hear. In 1890, James M. Cattell developed a test that focused on the ability to perceive things quickly. In 1905, Alfred Binet developed a test designed to determine which children were falling behind their peers per the standard imposed by universal education.
Considerations
If your IQ number compares you to where your peers are at your same age, the risk of falling behind may need to be tested prior to starting public school. For example, the ability to see and hear clearly is key to helping a toddler develop an appropriate vocabulary. If this problem isn't addressed quickly, they may be far behind by age 5.
It's also important to note that the traditional IQ test is a snapshot of where the person is right now. It's not necessarily a measure of their intellectual capacity.
It's Not Just What You Know
Finally, it's important to remember that not everyone learns in the same manner. Someone who loves to read may do well on an IQ test while someone who loves to tinker may learn more quickly. Sitting still can be a serious challenge for some children, but it's not an indication of lower intellectual capacity.